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Which condition defines potential instability?

  • A.Relative humidity decreasing with height
  • B.The environmental lapse rate lying between the saturated and the dry adiabatic rates for the layer concerned
  • C.Equivalent potential temperature decreasing with height
  • D.Potential temperature decreasing with height, which would make the layer absolutely unstable to any displacement

Answer: C

A moist layer beneath a dry one has equivalent potential temperature falling with height, and lifting the whole layer saturates the base first, releasing latent heat there and steepening the profile. Relative humidity falling with height is a symptom rather than the criterion. The criterion involving equivalent potential temperature is exact and is what should be checked on a sounding. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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