Tourism Management Questions and Answers

Answer: D

The balloonist who reached about 69,000 feet is Vijaypat Singhania.

Vijaypat Singhania, an Indian industrialist and aviator, set the world altitude record for a hot-air balloon in 2005, rising to roughly 69,000 feet above Mumbai. The key follows this record.

Steve Fossett is famous for round-the-world balloon and other adventure records, but not for this altitude record. Bran Johnson is not linked with this record, and Amundsen is the polar explorer, who has nothing to do with balloons. The Indian name is the one tied to the 69,000 ft figure.

Answer: C

The duration that separates a tourist from an excursionist is 24 hours.

In tourism statistics a visitor who stays at least one night, that is more than 24 hours, in the destination is a tourist. A visitor who comes and leaves the same day, staying less than 24 hours, is a same-day visitor or excursionist.

12, 18 and 36 hours are not the dividing line in the standard definition. Setting the limit at 12 or 18 hours would classify short overnight stays incorrectly, and 36 hours has no basis in the definition.

Answer: D

Gandhara art is the outcome of the Graeco-Indian technique.

Gandhara art grew in the north-west of the subcontinent, in the region of present Peshawar and Taxila. It combined the Hellenistic style, brought by the Greek rulers, with Buddhist subjects, so the Buddha is shown in a Greek manner. The key therefore takes the Graeco-Indian blend as the answer.

The Graeco-Roman option has the Roman influence, which is sometimes mentioned but is not the standard answer in this question. Graeco-Bactrian and Graeco-Persian describe other mixes of styles. The wording of the paper spells the word as Gracco.

Answer: A

Both statements are true and the reason explains the assertion. Tourists who come into a community often do not know, or do not respect, the local customs, traditions and standards of behaviour, and this insensitivity is one of the ways in which the contact between guests and hosts changes a community, for example in dress, language and values. The official key gives A, in which the reason accounts for the assertion. Options B, C and D either say the reason does not explain it or call one of the statements false, which does not fit the account of host and guest contact.

Answer: B

Both statements are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion. The desire to learn from other cultures led to the Grand Tour era, when young Europeans travelled to the classical centres for education, mostly in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The reports of Marco Polo's travels in the thirteenth century did raise interest in travel and trade, but they belong to an earlier period and an interest in trade, so they do not explain the educational motive of the Grand Tour. So B is correct.

Answer: C

The 1760 BC to 1027 BC period matches the Shang dynasty, which set up trade routes through the Far East (a-1). The period 1100 BC to 800 BC matches the Phoenicians, who built large sailing fleets for trade and travel across their empire (b-3). The period 900 BC to 200 BC matches the Greeks, with their common language, currency and travel services, and their city states which became destinations (c-2). The period 500 BC to AD 300 matches the Romans, who improved roads, laws and inns (d-4). That is a-1, b-3, c-2, d-4, option C. The other options swap the Greeks and Phoenicians or place the Romans in the earliest period.

Answer: B

The keyed sequence is Ceballos-Lascurain (1), Hetzer (2), UNWTO (3) and Mowforth and Munt (4), that is (1), (2), (3), (4), option B. The first definition, travelling to relatively undisturbed natural areas to study and enjoy the scenery and wildlife and cultural manifestations, is that of Ceballos-Lascurain. The relationship of tourists, environment and culture belongs to Hetzer, who is associated with ecotourism. The third definition, with natural areas of the past and present, is given to the UNWTO, and the umbrella term alternative tourism is given to Mowforth and Munt. The other options mix these authors.

Answer: B

The official key names Pliny the Elder.

Pliny the Elder, the Roman writer of the first century CE, wrote of the great monuments of the ancient world in his Natural History, and the key takes him as the historian who identified the Seven Wonders. Aristotle (A) was a Greek philosopher, Ibn Batuta (C) was a medieval Moroccan traveller, and Rahul Sankrityayan (D) was an Indian writer and traveller of the twentieth century, so none of them fits. The answer follows the key.

Answer: A

The behaviour Cohen suggested is institutional and non-institutional.

Erik Cohen's sociology of tourism sorted tourists by the degree to which they rely on the tourist establishment: the institutionalised tourist, who buys package trips and uses the usual services, and the non-institutionalised tourist, who plans and travels alone. Explorers and drifters, in option (D), are two kinds of the second group, so the broad answer is (A). Venturesome and pleasure-seeker (B) are labels from Plog's typology and Cohen's work is not about them, and (C) is not a tourist typology.

Answer: C

The phobia of travel is hodophobia.

The word comes from the Greek hodos, a road or journey. Tachophobia (A) is the fear of speed, acrophobia (B) the fear of heights, and androphobia (D) the fear of men. Fear of travel is one of the specific phobias, along with fear of flying and fear of driving, and it can keep a person from taking trips that others make with ease.