Discussion
Why is an edge taper of about ten decibels commonly chosen for a reflector feed?
Answer: D
Illuminating the rim ten decibels below the centre keeps most of the feed power on the reflector while still using the outer area reasonably, and the product of the two efficiencies peaks near that value. A stronger taper wastes aperture and a weaker one wastes power past the edge. Side lobes fall as the taper increases, so the minimum is not at ten decibels, and impedance matching and horn capability are unrelated. Optimising a product of two competing efficiencies is a pattern that recurs throughout antenna engineering.
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