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What is the effect of moving a reflector feed along the axis away from the focus?

  • A.The side lobes fall while the main beam keeps its original width and gain
  • B.The polarisation purity improves because the illumination becomes more even
  • C.The beam broadens and the gain falls as the aperture phase curves
  • D.The beam is steered smoothly away from the boresight direction of the dish

Answer: C

Axial defocusing puts a quadratic phase error across the aperture, which broadens the beam, fills in the nulls and reduces the gain without any steering. It is sometimes done deliberately to spoil a beam for search purposes. Lateral movement is what steers, side lobes rise rather than fall, and polarisation is not improved. Recognising a quadratic phase error by its signature of a broadened beam with filled nulls is a useful diagnostic on any aperture.

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