Discussion
Why is a chopper or modulated lamp used?
Answer: C
The flame emits light at the analytical wavelength too, and modulating the lamp lets the detector respond only to the alternating component, ignoring the flame's steady glow. Detector protection, beam switching and furnace timing are other functions. Separating two signals by making one of them vary in a known way is a general technique, and it is why the amplifier is tuned to the chopping frequency. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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