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Which of the followwing reasons justifies the statement: "Food is unconditioned stimulus'?

  • A.All dogs salivate when they hear a bell.
  • B.All dogs do not salivate when they are presented with food.
  • C.All dogs salivate when they are presented with food.
  • D.All dogs salivate even when they are not presented with food.

Answer: C

The reason that justifies calling food an unconditioned stimulus is that all dogs salivate when they are presented with food. An unconditioned stimulus brings out the response without any learning, in every normal animal. Salivation at the sound of a bell is learned, so it is a conditioned response. The options saying that dogs do not salivate with food, or do so without food, say the opposite of an unconditioned link.

An unconditioned stimulus is one that produces its response without learning, so salivation to food counts as an unconditioned response.

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