Discussion
Arrange these attitude reference technologies in the order they entered service:
1. Gimballed spinning mass vertical gyros
2. Gimballed inertial platforms
3. Strapdown systems with ring laser gyros
4. Strapdown systems with micro-electromechanical sensors
Select the correct sequence.
Answer: A
Correct answer: 1, 2, 3, 4
The sequence follows the technology. Gimballed spinning mass vertical gyros (1) are the earliest, dating from the interwar period and providing attitude alone. Gimballed inertial platforms (2) followed, adding accelerometers on a stabilised platform to give full navigation from the 1950s.
Strapdown systems with ring laser gyros (3) came once processors could perform the coordinate transformation in software, from the 1970s and 1980s. Strapdown systems with micro-electromechanical sensors (4) are the most recent, bringing the architecture within reach of general aviation and unmanned aircraft from the 1990s onward.
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