Discussion
Fuel quality changes and the technology each enabled.
| Change | Enabled technology |
|---|---|
| Removal of lead | Catalytic converters |
| Sulphur to 10 ppm | Particulate filters and reduction catalysts |
| Volatility control | Effective evaporative control |
| Aromatics limits | Lower particulate and benzene emissions |
What general point does the table make?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Aftertreatment technology and fuel quality had to advance together
Every row pairs a fuel change with a technology that could not have been introduced without it. Lead destroys catalysts, sulphur poisons them and adds sulphate particulate, volatility drives evaporative losses, and aromatics promote soot and benzene.
Each device was therefore waiting on a refinery investment, which is why standards and fuel specifications were legislated in step. Neither could deliver alone, and the durability of engines was a secondary benefit rather than the motive.
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