Discussion
Match each pollutant in List I with its principal formation route in List II.
List I
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Unburnt hydrocarbons
C. Oxides of nitrogen
D. Particulate matter
List II
1. Incomplete oxidation in an oxygen-short mixture
2. Fuel escaping the flame in crevices and quench layers
3. Nitrogen and oxygen combining at high flame temperature
4. Fuel pyrolysing in fuel-rich zones of a diffusion flame
Select the correct match.
Answer: C
Correct answer: A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Each pollutant has its own formation mechanism. Carbon monoxide is incomplete oxidation where oxygen is short; unburnt hydrocarbons are fuel that escaped the flame in crevices and in the quench layer at cool walls.
Nitrogen oxides form from atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen at high flame temperature. Particulate forms by pyrolysis in the fuel-rich zones of a diffusion flame - which is why it is characteristically a diesel problem, the charge being locally rich even when globally lean.
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