Discussion
The antibiotic that prevents cell wall synthesis in bacteria is
Answer: C
The antibiotic that prevents cell wall synthesis is penicillin.
Penicillin, discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928, blocks the enzymes (transpeptidases) that cross-link peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall. The weakened wall bursts under osmotic pressure, killing the bacterium. Human cells have no cell wall, which is why penicillin is relatively safe.
Rifampicin inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, streptomycin blocks protein synthesis on the ribosome, and anthracyclines are anticancer drugs that act on DNA.
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