Discussion
Which among the following hormone has a stimulatory effect on the heart?
Answer: D
The hormone is epinephrine (adrenaline).
Epinephrine, released by the adrenal medulla in the fight-or-flight response, acts on the heart's beta-1 receptors to increase both the heart rate and the force of contraction. It is the classic cardiac stimulant hormone and is used in emergencies such as cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis.
Thyroxine also raises the heart rate over time, as part of its general effect on metabolism, but it is not the hormone identified with direct stimulation of the heart. Estrone is an oestrogen, and erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells.
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