Discussion
Democracy and Federalism are essential features of our Constitution and basic feature of its structure. This observation was made in S.R. Bommai Vs. Union of India by the Judge.
Answer: A
The observation that democracy and federalism are essential features of the Constitution and part of its basic structure was made by Justice P.B. Sawant in S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994), the case in which a nine-judge bench tested the President's power to dismiss State governments under Article 356. Justice Sawant wrote the opinion for himself and Justice Kuldip Singh and held that federalism is a basic feature, so that the States are not mere appendages of the Centre. Justices Pandyan, Verma and Ahmadi also sat in the case and wrote their own opinions, but this particular statement is the one credited to Justice Sawant in the key. The answer is Justice P.B. Sawant.
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