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Which problem does a long single piece propeller shaft suffer from?

  • A.Overheating of the universal joints, which are unable to dissipate the friction generated at high road speeds
  • B.Whirling at high rotational speed
  • C.Excessive torsional windup, which delays the transmission of the drive from the gearbox to the rear axle
  • D.Corrosion

Answer: B

A shaft has a critical speed at which it becomes dynamically unstable and bows outward, and that speed falls as the square of the length increases. Dividing the shaft into two supported sections raises the critical speed above the operating range. The problem is one of dynamics rather than of strength, since the shaft is amply strong in torsion. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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