Discussion
Assertion (A): A crumple zone reduces the energy absorbed in a collision.
Reason (R): A crumple zone extends the distance over which the vehicle decelerates.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: D
The reason is correct but the energy to be absorbed is fixed by the mass and the impact speed and cannot be reduced by the structure. What the crumple zone does is spread the absorption over a greater distance and therefore a longer time, reducing the peak force and deceleration. The assertion confuses energy with force, which is the commonest misunderstanding of crashworthiness.
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