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An engine at ground idle produces visible carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions well above its take-off values, although it meets every limit at high power.

What explains the pattern?

  • A.The chamber runs too rich at idle
  • B.The dilution air is insufficient at idle
  • C.The igniters remain energised at idle
  • D.Oxidation is incomplete at idle

Answer: D

Reaction rates fall sharply with the cooler, lower pressure conditions of idle, so carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons survive to the exhaust. Nitrogen oxides behave oppositely, which is why the certification cycle weights several power settings.

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