Discussion
Which of the following are means of primary prevention of Hypertension ?
I. Dietary changes
II. Cessation of smoking
III. Early diagnosis
IV. Regular physical exercise
Answer: A
Dietary changes, cessation of smoking and regular physical exercise are means of primary prevention of hypertension, so statements I, II and IV are correct. Early diagnosis (statement III) is secondary prevention, since it finds disease already present. Every option containing III is therefore wrong, leaving only the first option. Primary prevention acts on risk factors before disease appears, which suits diet, smoking and activity, but screening for high pressure is secondary prevention and treatment of known cases is tertiary.
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