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Which control surface arrangement was used to avoid heavy forces on large piston transports before hydraulics became standard?

  • A.Fully powered irreversible actuators
  • B.Side-stick controllers
  • C.Servo tabs
  • D.Fly-by-wire

Answer: C

Servo tabs were the answer: the pilot moved only a small tab, whose aerodynamic moment flew the main surface. It gave acceptable forces on very large aeroplanes with purely mechanical runs. Fly-by-wire and side-sticks are decades later. Fully powered irreversible actuators are the modern solution but needed hydraulic systems of a reliability that did not yet exist, which is exactly the gap servo tabs filled.

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