Discussion
If the geothermal gradient is \(0.02\,\frac{K}{m}\) and the corresponding rock thermal conductivity is 3 W/m/K, the estimated heat flow would be :
Answer: B
The heat flow is 60 milli Watt/m\(^{2}\).
By Fourier's law, conductive heat flow equals thermal conductivity times the geothermal gradient:
\[ \begin{aligned} q &= k \frac{dT}{dz} = 3 \times 0.02 \\ &= 0.06\ \text{W/m}^{2} = 60\ \text{mW/m}^{2} \end{aligned} \]
This is close to the average continental heat flow of about 65 mW/m2. 0.06 milli Watt/m2 leaves the number in watts while writing milliwatts, and 6 and 600 shift the decimal point by a factor of ten.
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