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According to Friedmann's centro-periphery model which of the following sentences is correct :

  • A.This model proposes that it is the circular causation that results in either downward or upward spiral effect
  • B.Development is determined by the nature of relationship between the developed core and the underdeveloped periphery
  • C.The development of subsidiary capitalist metropolis exist as satellite city status
  • D.Model is highlights the role of spread effect rather than backwash effect

Answer: B

The correct statement is that development is determined by the nature of relationship between the developed core and the underdeveloped periphery.

John Friedmann's core-periphery model (1966) explains regional development through the dominance of a core region over its periphery: the core attracts capital, labour and innovation from the periphery, and the relationship between them shapes how development spreads.

Circular causation with upward or downward spirals is Myrdal's cumulative causation, the satellite status of subsidiary metropolises comes from Frank's dependency theory, and the stress on spread rather than backwash effects belongs to other growth theorists.

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