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According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023, what is the change in the Labour Force Participation Rate all over India (15 years and above) between December 2021 and December 2023 ?

  • A.It has decreased marginally.
  • B.It has remained constant.
  • C.It has decreased by 10%.
  • D.It has increased by 10%.

Answer: D

The key gives it has increased by 10%.

The Periodic Labour Force Survey is the National Statistics Office's survey of employment. Its quarterly bulletins report the labour force participation rate (LFPR), the share of the population that is working or seeking work. The bulletins for October to December show the country-level LFPR rising from 37.2% in 2021 to 39.2% in 2023, with the rise coming mainly from women, whose rate went from 16% to 19.9%. So the direction is an increase, and the options saying it fell or stayed constant are wrong.

Among the options only the last states an increase. I could not confirm the size of 10% for the 15-years-and-above rate, which the question names; the figures I could check are for all ages, and a rise of about 2 percentage points on them is smaller than 10 points. The answer therefore rests on the direction and the key.

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