Discussion
........................believe that most people can be reasonable and that teachers need to use teaching methods that build and support the ability to rationalize and use their intelligence.
Answer: A
The belief described is that of liberalism.
Liberalism trusts in human reason. It holds that most people are capable of reasoning for themselves and of governing their own lives, so education should develop that capacity. Liberal educators therefore favour methods such as discussion, inquiry and problem solving that build students' ability to think rationally and use their intelligence, rather than methods that require acceptance of authority.
Conservatism stresses tradition and authority and is wary of relying on individual reason. Secularism concerns the separation of religion from the state. Individualism stresses the individual's independence but is not specifically a belief about reason and teaching method.
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