Discussion
Consider the following pairs of variable and its reference process.
Potential temperature - adiabatic compression to 1000 hectopascals
Equivalent potential temperature - condensing all vapour then compressing
Wet bulb potential temperature - saturating then descending along a moist adiabat
Virtual temperature - adding water vapour at constant pressure
How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Answer: C
Virtual temperature is the temperature dry air would need in order to have the same density as the moist sample, which is not a process applied to the parcel but a comparison with a different one. The other three correctly describe the thought experiment defining each quantity. Setting them out as processes rather than as formulae makes their conservation properties much easier to recall. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.
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