Discussion
How does nutrient pollution affect marine ecosystem ?
Answer: C
Nutrient pollution triggers harmful algal blooms.
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus, mainly from fertiliser run-off and sewage, feed rapid growth of algae (eutrophication). Some blooms produce toxins, and when the algae die their decomposition uses up dissolved oxygen, creating 'dead zones' where fish and other marine life cannot survive.
So nutrient pollution reduces biodiversity and water quality rather than improving them, and it harms coral reefs, where algae overgrow and smother the corals.
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