Discussion
Which coordinate system is normally used for global atmospheric equations?
Answer: B
Global models are written in spherical coordinates with longitude, latitude and a vertical coordinate, since the Earth is very nearly a sphere and the equations then apply uniformly everywhere. The price is the appearance of metric terms involving the tangent of the latitude, which become singular at the poles. A tangent plane is useful only over a limited region, an inertial Cartesian frame defeats the purpose of the transformation, and cylindrical coordinates fit no natural boundary here.
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