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Which temperature shows the greatest difference between the two saturation values?

  • A.About minus 30 degrees Celsius, which is the temperature at which most supercooled droplets freeze naturally
  • B.About minus 12 degrees Celsius
  • C.Zero degrees Celsius, at which the two curves meet and the difference between them is therefore greatest
  • D.About minus 40 degrees Celsius

Answer: B

The two curves coincide at 0 degrees and converge again at very low temperatures, with the maximum difference near minus 12 degrees. That is why the Bergeron process operates most efficiently in that temperature range, and why the layer between about minus 10 and minus 20 degrees is so important for precipitation formation. At minus 40 all supercooled water has frozen and no mixed phase cloud remains. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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