Discussion
An operator raises the ammonia injection rate to improve nitrogen oxide removal and finds ammonium salts fouling the air heater downstream.
What has happened?
Answer: A
Correct answer: Ammonia slip has risen and formed salts
Pushing the molar ratio above what the mixing can use leaves unreacted ammonia in the gas. Downstream, where the gas cools, it combines with sulphur trioxide to form ammonium sulphate and bisulphate, which are sticky solids that deposit on the air heater surfaces, foul them and raise the draught loss. This is the practical limit on how far removal can be pushed, and the reason ammonia slip is itself a monitored and limited quantity.
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