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Gauss's law is more powerful than Coulomb's law for a distributed source because it

  • A.replaces an integration over the source by one over a surface
  • B.does not require the permittivity of the medium to be known
  • C.applies to time-varying fields
  • D.gives the potential as well as the field in a single step

Answer: A

Summing Coulomb contributions from every element of a distributed charge is often intractable, whereas a well chosen Gaussian surface reduces the whole problem to an area and an enclosed total. Both laws are otherwise equivalent for static charge.

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