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Which zonal circulation results from equatorial Pacific temperature contrast?

  • A.The monsoon
  • B.The Brewer-Dobson circulation, which transports air poleward within the stratosphere above the tropopause
  • C.The Walker circulation
  • D.The Hadley circulation, whose ascending branch lies beneath the intertropical convergence zone instead

Answer: C

Warm water in the western Pacific supports deep convection while the cold eastern Pacific is dominated by subsidence, and the resulting east-west overturning is the Walker circulation. It is a zonal cell rather than a meridional one. Its weakening is the atmospheric signature of El Nino, which is why the circulation is monitored so closely.

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