Discussion
Which consequence follows from the geostrophic wind being non-divergent?
Answer: A
Since mass continuity links horizontal divergence to vertical motion, and the geostrophic wind has no divergence on an f-plane, every cubic metre of ascent must be driven by the small ageostrophic residual. This is why a quantity roughly a tenth the size of the total wind receives so much attention in synoptic analysis. Vorticity is entirely compatible with zero divergence, and the flow does evolve, though the evolution too is driven by the ageostrophic part.
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