Discussion

Match the immunological statements in Column I with the appropriate descriptions from Column II

Column I	Column II
P. Active acquired immunity	(i) Complement proteins and interferons
Q. First line of defense	(ii) Direct contact with pathogens that enter the body
R. Passive natural immunity	(iii) Surface barriers
S. Second line of defense	(iv) Antibodies pass through placenta

Answer: A

The match is P-(ii); Q-(iii); R-(iv); S-(i).

Active acquired immunity develops when the body itself meets a pathogen (or a vaccine) and mounts its own response: direct contact with pathogens that enter the body.
The first line of defence is the surface barriers: skin, mucous membranes and their secretions.
Passive natural immunity is the transfer of maternal antibodies across the placenta (or in milk).
The second line of defence is the internal innate response, including complement proteins and interferons, along with phagocytes and inflammation.

The other options confuse the placental transfer with active immunity or put complement in the first line of defence.

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