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Which of the following explains the correct distinction between section 34 and section 149 of IPC ?

  • A.The common object must be one specified in section 141 whereas under section 34 the common intention may be any intention
  • B.Section 34 requires some act, however small to be done, whereas under section 149 more membership of the assembly is sufficient
  • C.Section 34 enunciates a mere principle of liability, but creates no offence, while section 149 creates a specific offence
  • D.All of the above

Answer: D

The answer is All of the above.

Each statement is a recognised distinction between Section 34 (common intention) and Section 149 (common object of an unlawful assembly):

  • Section 149 needs a common object of the kinds listed in Section 141, whereas the common intention under Section 34 may be of any kind.
  • Section 34 requires some participation in the act, however small, whereas under Section 149 mere membership of the assembly at the time is enough.
  • Section 34 creates no offence but lays down a rule of joint liability, while Section 149 creates a specific offence.

Since the first three are all correct distinctions, choosing any one of them alone is incomplete.

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