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'Naive theories' that children construct about various phenomenon

  • A.should be ignored by the teacher.
  • B.should be punished by the teacher.
  • C.should be 'replaced' by correct one through repetitive memorization.
  • D.should be challenged by presenting counter evidence and examples.

Answer: D

Children's naive theories should be challenged by presenting counter evidence and examples.

Children form their own ideas about the world, for example that heavier objects fall faster. Constructivist teaching treats these as the starting point: the teacher presents experiences and evidence that do not fit, which creates cognitive conflict and leads children to revise their ideas (conceptual change).

Ignoring such ideas leaves them in place, punishing them discourages thinking, and replacing them by memorising the correct answer leaves the underlying misconception untouched.

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