Discussion
Why does a smaller particle give a more efficient column?
Answer: D
With less distance to diffuse into and out of the particle, equilibrium is reached faster and the mass transfer term falls, so the plate height drops roughly in proportion to the particle diameter. Length is limited rather than extended by small particles, the flow is slower through a tighter bed, and film thickness is a surface property. Shortening the distance a molecule must diffuse is the most direct attack on the dominant band-broadening term. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.
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