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A material is described as magnetically hard when it has

  • A.a narrow hysteresis loop with low coercivity
  • B.a high mechanical hardness as measured on a hardness scale
  • C.a saturation flux density above two teslas
  • D.a broad hysteresis loop with high coercivity and remanence

Answer: D

The term describes magnetic rather than mechanical behaviour, though the two happened to correlate in the steels where the usage began. Alnico, ferrite and the rare earth alloys are the modern hard materials, and a permanent magnet must be made of one.

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