Discussion
The environmental lapse rate is \( 11.5 \) degrees per km. Compared with the dry adiabatic rate the atmosphere is
Answer: B
Correct answer: Unstable
Compare the environmental lapse rate with the dry adiabatic rate of \( 9.8 \) degrees per kilometre. Here \( 11.5 > 9.8 \), so the profile is superadiabatic and the atmosphere is unstable.
The reason is the parcel argument: a parcel displaced upward cools at \( 9.8 \) degrees per kilometre, but the air around it is cooling at \( 11.5 \), so the parcel is warmer and less dense than its surroundings and continues to rise. A lapse rate below \( 9.8 \) would be stable and one equal to it neutral; an inversion requires temperature to increase with height, which is not the case here.
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