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What does a superstrate layer above a patch do?

  • A.It always reduces the gain by absorbing part of the radiated power
  • B.It shifts the pattern away from broadside towards the substrate plane
  • C.It removes the need for a ground plane beneath the patch entirely
  • D.It can raise gain if its thickness is correctly chosen

Answer: D

A dielectric cover of the right thickness forms a partially reflecting surface that resonates with the ground plane and concentrates the radiation, raising gain by several decibels. A wrongly chosen thickness does the opposite. Radomes over patches must therefore be designed rather than merely fitted. Absorption is small in a good dielectric, the pattern remains broadside, and the ground plane is essential. A layer that looks like mere protection can change the electrical behaviour substantially.

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