Discussion
Consider the following statements about the n plus one rule.
1. It applies when the neighbouring nuclei are equivalent to one another
2. It predicts the relative intensities as well as the number of lines
3. It holds equally well when the shift difference is comparable to the coupling
Which of the statements given above is or are correct?
Answer: C
The first two are sound. Equivalence of the neighbours is exactly the condition for a single coupling constant and a binomial pattern, and the intensities follow Pascal's triangle. The third is where the rule fails: once the shift difference falls towards the coupling constant the spectrum becomes second order, intensities distort and extra lines appear. Coupling to two inequivalent neighbours gives a doublet of doublets rather than a triplet, which is the other common way the naive rule misleads.
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