Discussion
Cumulative record is a ................... tool of guidance.
Answer: A
A cumulative record is a non-standardized tool of guidance.
A cumulative record is a file kept by the school for each pupil over the years, collecting information on attainment, attendance, health, family background, interests, activities and teachers' remarks. It is compiled by teachers from many sources and is not constructed, tried out and normed like a test, so it is classed with anecdotal records, rating scales and interviews among the non-standardized (non-testing) techniques.
Standardized tools are tests such as intelligence and aptitude tests with fixed procedures and norms. A cumulative record is not wholly objective, since it includes teachers' judgements, and 'appropriate' is not a category of guidance tool.
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