Discussion
Mammalian cells cultured at low temperature (25 to 30 °C) leads to an increased sterol content in the membrane. Elevated sterols in the membrane results in
Answer: A
The Commission's answer is an enhancement in membrane fluidity.
Sterols act as a fluidity buffer in membranes. At low temperature, when lipid acyl chains tend to pack tightly into a rigid gel-like state, sterol molecules wedge between them and prevent that close packing, so the membrane stays more fluid than it otherwise would. Raising the sterol content is therefore one way cells keep their membranes functional in the cold.
A decrease in fluidity is the effect sterols have at higher temperatures, where they restrain chain motion, which is why it does not fit cells grown at 25 to 30 °C. Sterols reduce, not increase, permeability to water and small solutes, and stabilising membrane proteins is not their defining effect here.
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