Discussion
Which one of the following ideologies is premised on the belief that established features of society have crumbled and its political doctrines have become irrelevant ?
Answer: B
The ideology is Postmodernism.
Postmodern thinkers hold that the certainties of the modern age have broken down: industrial class societies, the nation-state and the grand theories that explained them. Jean-Francois Lyotard summed this up as incredulity towards metanarratives, which is why postmodernists treat the established political doctrines of modernity as irrelevant.
Modernism is the outlook postmodernism rejects. Marxism is itself one of the grand narratives of modernity. Foundationalism holds that knowledge rests on secure foundations, the very belief postmodernism, being anti-foundational, denies.
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