Discussion
Which one of the following primary structures can be used for paleocurrent measurement?
Answer: C
The structure used for paleocurrent measurement is the flute cast.
A flute is a scour cut into mud by a turbulent, one-way current; sand filling it leaves a cast on the base of the overlying bed. Each flute has a deep, rounded upcurrent end and flares out downcurrent, so its shape gives the actual direction the current flowed, not just a line. Flute casts on turbidite soles are the classic paleocurrent indicator.
Oscillation ripples are symmetric, formed by waves moving water to and fro, so they record only the trend of the wave crests. Hummocky cross-strata are built by storm-wave oscillatory flow and have no consistent dip direction. Load and flame structures are soft-sediment deformation caused by dense sand sinking into wet mud, a vertical process that says nothing reliable about current direction.
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