Discussion
Important environmental factor that affects the type of organism in estuary is :
Answer: B
The key environmental factor in an estuary is salinity.
An estuary is where fresh river water mixes with sea water, so salinity varies strongly in space (from fresh at the head to marine at the mouth) and in time (with tides, seasons and floods). Most organisms tolerate only a limited range of salinity, so the salinity gradient largely decides which species live where; estuarine faunas are low in diversity and dominated by euryhaline species.
Sediment type, light and temperature also matter, but they vary much less between an estuary and the neighbouring sea or river than salinity does.
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