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A boundary wall or parapet in a seismic zone needs attention because it

  • A.carries a large share of the building's lateral load
  • B.reduces the seismic weight of the structure
  • C.lengthens the natural period of the building
  • D.can overturn and fall even when the building is undamaged

Answer: D

Free-standing masonry has almost no resistance to out-of-plane shaking and has caused many deaths in past earthquakes. Reinforcing it, tying it back or reducing its height are all recognised remedies and cost very little compared with the risk.

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