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Seismic waves travelling through the earth are useful to geologists chiefly because they

  • A.are unaffected by the boundaries they cross
  • B.carry information from depths no drill can reach
  • C.can be generated on demand at any chosen depth
  • D.travel at the same speed in every material

Answer: B

Correct answer: carry information from depths no drill can reach

The deepest borehole ever drilled reaches about 12 km, a fraction of one per cent of the earth’s radius, whereas seismic waves pass through the entire planet and return with their travel times and amplitudes altered by everything they met. Almost all we know of the mantle and the core - the depth of the Moho, the transition zones, the liquid outer core, the solid inner core - comes from reading those changes.

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