Discussion
Assertion (A): A microwave link is designed with clearance checked at two different k factors.
Reason (R): Atmospheric refraction varies, and each extreme produces a different threat to the path.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: D
Both are true and the second is the reason. Low k values bulge the earth and threaten clearance, while high k values flatten the ray and can create a strong ground reflection, so a design safe under standard conditions may fail under either extreme. That is why criteria are expressed as a pair of conditions rather than as a single one. Checking a design at the extremes of a varying parameter, rather than at its mean, is a general principle of robust engineering.
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