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Contributions to the pitching moment slope for a conventional layout.

ComponentContributionStabilising
Wing with aft centre of gravityPlus 0.10No
FuselagePlus 0.04No
TailplaneMinus 0.22Yes
TotalMinus 0.08Yes

What does the table establish about the tailplane's role?

  • A.It has no effect on the total
  • B.It must overcome both the wing and the fuselage to make the aeroplane stable
  • C.It contributes less than the fuselage
  • D.It is destabilising like the other two

Answer: B

Correct answer: It must overcome both the wing and the fuselage to make the aeroplane stable

The wing and fuselage together contribute \( +0.14 \), all of it destabilising. The tail supplies \( -0.22 \), and the sum is \( -0.08 \). So of the tail\'s contribution, nearly two thirds is spent simply cancelling the other two components, and only the remainder is available as actual stability margin. This is why a modest change to the fuselage or a shift in the centre of gravity can have such a large proportional effect on the total: the total is a small difference between larger quantities.

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