Discussion
Why is fractionated radiation therapy preferred over a single high-dose exposure ?
Answer: D
Fractionation is preferred because it allows repair of normal tissues.
Dividing the total dose into many small daily fractions lets normal tissues repair sublethal DNA damage between fractions, and they do this better than most tumours. Fractionation also lets hypoxic tumour cells reoxygenate and cycling cells move into more sensitive phases. These are part of the four Rs of radiobiology: repair, redistribution, reoxygenation and repopulation.
Fractionation cannot guarantee that a tumour never recurs, it does not remove the need for chemotherapy, and more sessions usually cost more, not less.
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