Discussion
Which of the following does not follow from thermal wind balance?
The Ekman spiral
The jet stream position
Veering as warm advection
Frontal shear
Answer: B
The Ekman spiral arises from the balance between pressure gradient, Coriolis and frictional forces within the boundary layer, and has nothing to do with any horizontal temperature gradient. The other three are all direct consequences of the thermal wind relation. Both the spiral and the thermal wind describe wind turning with height, which is why the pair makes a useful test of whether the mechanisms have been kept distinct. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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