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Which quantity does a drought index attempt to capture?

  • A.A deficit relative to the normal conditions of the region
  • B.The absolute amount of rainfall, so that any region receiving less than a fixed threshold is classed as in drought
  • C.The soil temperature
  • D.The number of consecutive days on which no measurable precipitation has been recorded at the station concerned

Answer: A

Drought is a relative concept, since a rainfall total that would be normal in a desert would be an extreme drought in a rainforest, so indices measure departures from the local distribution. Consecutive dry days is one simple measure among many. The relativity is why a single global threshold cannot work and why several indices coexist for different purposes. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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