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Which depth do such measurements sample?

  • A.The top few centimetres of the soil
  • B.The whole of the root zone down to about one metre, which is the layer relevant to the growth of most crops
  • C.The deep groundwater
  • D.The surface layer only when the ground is bare, since vegetation prevents the signal from reaching the soil

Answer: A

Microwave emission originates within roughly the top five centimetres, so the root zone moisture that matters for agriculture must be inferred by combining the observation with a land surface model. Vegetation attenuates but does not block the L band signal. The mismatch between what is measured and what is wanted is the central difficulty of satellite soil moisture work.

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